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IT in Hindi May 28, 2021

  HTML BASIC TO ADVANCE ( NOTES ) 


HTML5 FULL COURSE  TUTORIAL IN HINDI:


HTML5 is the next major revision of the HTML standard superseding HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.0, and XHTML 1.1. HTML5 is a standard for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web.

New Features

HTML5 introduces a number of new elements and attributes that can help you in building modern websites. Here is a set of some of the most prominent features introduced in HTML5.

New Semantic Elements − These are like <header>, <footer>, and <section>.

Forms 2.0 − Improvements to HTML web forms where new attributes have been introduced for <input> tag.

Persistent Local Storage − To achieve without resorting to third-party plugins.

WebSocket − A next-generation bidirectional communication technology for web applications.

Server-Sent Events − HTML5 introduces events which flow from web server to the web browsers and they are called Server-Sent Events (SSE).

Canvas − This supports a two-dimensional drawing surface that you can program with JavaScript.

Audio & Video − You can embed audio or video on your webpages without resorting to third-party plugins.

Geolocation − Now visitors can choose to share their physical location with your web application.


The DOCTYPE

DOCTYPEs in older versions of HTML were longer because the HTML language was SGML based and therefore required a reference to a DTD.

HTML 5 authors would use simple syntax to specify DOCTYPE as follows −

<!DOCTYPE html>


Character Encoding


HTML 5 authors can use simple syntax to specify Character Encoding as follows −

<meta charset = "UTF-8">


Deprecated Tags (Removed Tags from HTML ) : 

The following elements are not available in HTML5 anymore and their function is better handled by CSS −

<acronym> -  Defines an acronym

<applet> -      Defines an applet

<basefont> -  Defines an base - font for the page.

<big> -           Defines big text

<center> -      Defines centered text

<dir> -            Defines a directory list

<font> -          Defines text font, size, and color

<frame> -       Defines a frame

<frameset> -  Defines a set of frames

<isindex> -     Defines a single-line input field

<noframes> - Defines a noframe section

<s> -              Defines strikethrough text

<strike> -       Defines strikethrough text

<tt> -              Defines teletype text

<u> -              Defines underlined text



HTML5- NEW TAGS ( ELEMENTS ) :

The following tags (elements) have been introduced in HTML5 −

<article> -  Represents an independent piece of content of a document, such as a blog entry or newspaper article

<aside > -   Represents a piece of content that is only slightly related to the rest of the page.

<audio> -    Defines an audio file.

<canvas> -   This is used for rendering dynamic bitmap graphics on the fly, such as graphs or games.

<command> -  Represents a command the user can invoke.

<datalist> - Together with the a new list attribute for input can be used to make comboboxes

<details>    Represents additional information or controls which the user can obtain on demand

<embed>      Defines external interactive content or plugin.

<figure>     Represents a piece of self-contained flow content, typically referenced as a single unit from the main flow of the document.

<footer>     Represents a footer for a section and can contain information about the author, copyright information, et cetera.

<header>     Represents a group of introductory or navigational aids.

<hgroup>     Represents the header of a section.

<keygen>     Represents control for key pair generation.

<mark>       Represents a run of text in one document marked or highlighted for reference purposes, due to its relevance in another context. 

<meter>      Represents a measurement, such as disk usage.

<nav>        Represents a section of the document intended for navigation.

<output>     Represents some type of output, such as from a calculation done through scripting.

<progress>   Represents a completion of a task, such as downloading or when performing a series of expensive operations.

<ruby>       Together with <rt> and <rp> allow for marking up ruby annotations.

<section>    Represents a generic document or application section

<time>       Represents a date and/or time.

<video>      Defines a video file.

<wbr>        Represents a line break opportunity.



New types for <input> tag

The input element's type attribute now has the following new values −

color = Color selector, which could be represented by a wheel or swatch picker

datetime-local = Date and time display, with no setting or indication for time zones

datetime = Full date and time display, including a time zone.

email =      Input type should be an email.

month =    Selector for a month within a given year

number =  A field containing a numeric value only

range =     Numeric selector within a range of values, typically visualized as a slider

search =   Term to supply to a search engine. For example,the search bar atop a browser.

tel =         Input type should be telephone number.

time =     Time indicator and selector, with no time zone information

url =        Input type should be URL type.

week  =   Selector for a week within a given year
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